Japanese solar manufacturer Toyo Solar has announced a $357 million investment to construct a 1.5-gigawatt heterojunction (HJT) solar cell manufacturing facility at its existing module assembly site in Houston, Texas. The new cell plant will be co-located with Toyo’s current panel factory, creating a vertically integrated production campus in which cells and finished modules occupy the same footprint. The company expects pilot production to begin within 20 months of the announcement. Once operational, the facility will generate 400 direct manufacturing jobs and deliver an estimated $60 million in annual benefits through the U.S. Section 45X advanced manufacturing production tax credit. Toyo, the parent brand behind the VSUN panel line, currently operates facilities across Vietnam, Ethiopia, and the United States. The Houston expansion reflects a deliberate strategic pivot toward domestic upstream manufacturing in response to evolving Foreign Entity of Concern (FEOC) compliance requirements and the growing domestic content thresholds embedded in U.S. procurement policy. Chairman and CEO Takahiko Onozuka described the cell facility as the natural next step in building an integrated onshore supply chain stretching from polysilicon to finished panels, with the co-location model significantly reducing capital allocation and infrastructure overhead.

Texas Doubles Down: A Gulf Coast Cluster Reshaping American Solar Manufacturing

The Toyo Solar announcement adds another anchor to what has quietly become one of the most active solar manufacturing clusters in the United States. The Houston metropolitan area and surrounding Waller County corridor have attracted a string of major commitments from global manufacturers seeking to serve the utility-scale U.S. market with domestically produced content. Among the most prominent is the Waaree Energies campus in Brookshire, Texas, where India’s largest solar panel maker is building a facility with 3 GW of initial capacity expanding to 5 GW by 2027 at a cost exceeding US$1 billion. Turkish manufacturer Elin Energy has also established a 2 GW facility just one mile from the Waaree site in Waller County. Toyo’s move into cell production is particularly significant because it addresses a persistent gap in the Texas cluster: module assembly has proliferated, but upstream cell manufacturing has lagged. By producing HJT cells domestically, Toyo also positions itself ahead of the technology curve. Chief Strategy Officer Rhone Resch noted that HJT serves as the optimal platform for integrating next-generation perovskite solar cells, which the company expects to drive the next major leap in conversion efficiency. That forward-looking logic, combined with robust 45X incentives and a clear FEOC compliance posture, makes the Toyo investment a blueprint that other manufacturers will likely follow as the U.S. solar supply chain matures.

Project Fact Sheet

• Project Name: Toyo Solar HJT Solar Cell Manufacturing Facility
• Location: Houston, Texas, United States (co-located with existing module assembly site)
• Project Value: US$357 million
• Client / Developer: Toyo Solar
• Key Technology: Heterojunction (HJT) solar cell manufacturing, future-ready for perovskite integration
• Installed Capacity: 1.5 GW annual solar cell production
• Procurement Model: Proprietary developer-led investment; 45X production tax credit supported
• Pilot Production Target: Within 20 months of announcement (by approximately February 2028)
• Annual Tax Credit Benefit: Approximately US$60 million under U.S. Section 45X
• Jobs Created: 400 direct manufacturing jobs
• Strategic Impact: Closes the upstream cell manufacturing gap in the Houston solar cluster; advances FEOC compliance and domestic content requirements for U.S. utility-scale procurement

Project Team

• Developer / Owner: Toyo Solar (parent company of the VSUN panel brand)
• Chairman and CEO: Takahiko Onozuka, Toyo Solar
• Chief Strategy Officer: Rhone Resch, Toyo Solar
• Likely Construction Manager / EPC Contractor: To be appointed; firms active in Texas industrial manufacturing such as Fluor Corporation, Kiewit, or Turner Construction represent likely candidates
• Regulatory Authority: U.S. Department of Energy (FEOC compliance oversight); U.S. Department of Commerce (AD/CVD trade compliance)
• Tax Credit Administrator: U.S. Internal Revenue Service (Section 45X Advanced Manufacturing Production Credit)
• State Economic Body: Texas Economic Development and Tourism Office